Igqityelwe ukuvuselelwa ngoNovemba 24, 2022 ngu Izinja Vets
Yintoni kanye kanye i-canine influenza (umkhuhlane wezinja)?
I-Canine influenza (ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-dog flu) sisifo esosulelayo sokuphefumla esibangelwa yi-Type A virus viruses ezaziwa ngokuchaphazela iicanine. Oku kubizwa ngokuba “iintsholongwane zomkhuhlane we-canine." Usulelo lwe-Canine influenza ebantwini aluzange lubhalwe phantsi.
Kukho iindidi ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zentsholongwane yomkhuhlane wenja A: I-H3N8 kunye ne-H2N2.
Iintsholongwane zeCanine influenza A(H3N2) zahlukile kwiintsholongwane zomkhuhlane wexesha lexesha lomntu A(H3N2) ezijikeleza nyaka ngamnye.
Ngaba iintsholongwane zomkhuhlane we-canine zinokosulela abantu?
Ngokubanzi, kukholelwa ukuba iintsholongwane zomkhuhlane we-canine zimela umngcipheko ophantsi ebantwini.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, akukho bungqina bokudluliselwa kweentsholongwane zomkhuhlane we-canine ukusuka kwizinja ukuya ebantwini, kwaye akukho matyala osulelo lwabantu ngentsholongwane ye-canine influenza erekhodiweyo e-United States okanye naphi na emhlabeni.
Ngo-2016, i-CDC yavavanya umngcipheko wobhubhane wentsholongwane ye-canine influenza H3N2 usebenzisa i-Influenza Risk Assessment Tool kwaye yazimisela ukuba iphantsi.
Nangona kunjalo, iintsholongwane zomkhuhlane zikwimeko eqhubekayo yokuziphendukela kwemvelo, kwaye kuyacaca ukuba intsholongwane ye-canine influenza inokuthi ivele ukuze ihlasele abantu kwaye ihambe ngokulula phakathi kwabantu.
Ukosuleleka kwabantu ngenoveli (entsha, engeyoyamntu) intsholongwane yomkhuhlane A apho uluntu luye lwalwa nayo. Ukungakhuseleki okuncinci zingunobangela wokuxhalaba ngenxa yokuba nokwenzeka kobhubhane.
Ngenxa yoku, inkqubo yokubeka iliso yehlabathi yoMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi ikhokelele ekuchongeni usulelo lwabantu obangelwa yinoveli yomkhuhlane A iivayirasi zemvelaphi yezilwanyana (ezifana neevayirasi zeentaka okanye zomkhuhlane wehagu A), kodwa akukho usulelo lomntu olubangelwa ziintsholongwane zomkhuhlane wecanine A ezichongiweyo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.
Zinexesha elingakanani iintsholongwane zomkhuhlane we-canine kwaye zivela phi?
Umkhuhlane weCanine Intsholongwane ye-H3N8 yaqala emahasheni, yatshintshelwa ezinjeni, kwaye ngoku iyakwazi ukusasazeka phakathi kweecanine. Amahashe aziwa ngokuba ne-H3N8 equine influenza (umkhuhlane wehashe) iintsholongwane ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-40.
Kwi-2004, iUnited States yabika iziganeko zesifo esingaziwayo sokuphefumla kwizinja (ekuqaleni i-greyhounds).
Uphando luveze ukuba iintsholongwane zomkhuhlane wehashe A(H3N8) zibangele esi sifo sokuphefumla.
Izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba le ntsholongwane yaxhuma kwiintlobo (ukusuka emahasheni ukuya ezinjeni) kwaye ilungelelaniswe ukubangela ukugula ezinjeni kwaye isasazeke phakathi kwezinja, ngakumbi ezo iindlwana kunye neendawo zokuhlala zezilwanyana. Le ntsholongwane ye-H3N8 ngoku ithathwa njengengqamene nenja, okanye i-canine-specific.
NgoSeptemba 2005, iingcali kwi eunited States yaqaphela le ntsholongwane “njengesifo esitsha sivela phakathi kwezinja.” Ichongiwe kwizinja kwinxalenye ebalulekileyo ye-United States.
Umkhuhlane weCanine Usuka kwiintaka, Iintsholongwane ze-H3N2 ukusukela oko baye bafudukela ezinjeni kwaye ngoku banokutshintshela phakathi kwezinja. Kwakhona kuqatshelwe ukuhanjiswa kwe H3N2 iintsholongwane zomkhuhlane wenja ukusuka kwizinja ezigulayo ukuya kwiikati.
Umkhuhlane weCanine A H3N2 iintsholongwane zafunyanwa ekuqaleni kwizinja kwi emaznstie ekorea ngo-2007, kwaye ii-canines nazo ziye zaxelwa ETshayina, eThailand naseKhanada.
Ngo-Aprili 2015, iintsholongwane ze-H3N2 ze-canine influenza zaqala zodwa e-United States; ngoku ziye zachongwa kumazwe angaphezu kwama-30.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, iintsholongwane ze-H3N2 canine ezifunyenwe e-United States sele ziphantse zafana nezo zazixelwe ngaphambili e-Asiya kuphela.
Umkhuhlane we canine uzichaphazela njani izinja ezingeniswe eMelika zisuka kwamanye amazwe?
Iintsholongwane ze-H3N8 kunye ne-H3N2 zomkhuhlane we-canine ngoku zithathwa njengezixhaphakileyo kwii-canines e-United States. Ukongeza, okwangoku akukho zibonakaliso zokuba umkhuhlane we-canine uchaphazela abantu okanye unakho ubhubhane.
Ukuba bekukho ubungqina bokuba iintsholongwane zomkhuhlane we-canine zinokosulela abantu ngokukwazi ukuzinza usulelo emntwini ukuya emntwini, i-CDC iya kusebenzisa amagunya ayo angoku ukunciphisa ukungenisa kunye / okanye ukusasazeka koku ubhubhane wesifo ngaphakathi okanye ngaphakathi eUnited States.
Ngokwemigangatho yeCDC, izinja kufuneka zibe sempilweni ukungena eUnited States; ngoko ke, izinja ezibonakala zingahambi kakuhle ngesifo esosulelayo esifana ne-canine influenza zinokungavunyelwa ukungena okanye zihlolwe ngakumbi.
I-CDC inokufuna uviwo lwezilwanyana ngeendleko zomnini kwizinja ezigulayo okanye i-necropsies (izidumbu zezilwanyana) kwizinja ezibhubhileyo xa zingena eUnited States.
Xa ungena e-United States, abasemagunyeni abaninzi banokuba nolawulo lolawulo kwizilwanyana zasekhaya ezinjengezinja kunye neekati.
I-CDC isebenzisana ngokusondeleyo nezinye ii-arhente zomdibaniso ukukhusela imida yase-US kwizifo zabantu ezisasazwa zizilwanyana kunye neemveliso zezilwanyana.
Isilwanyana kunye Inkonzo yoHlolo lweMpilo yeZityalo (APHIS) iiNkonzo zoNyango lweZilwanyana (VS) yeSebe lezoLimo lase-United States (i-USDA) inemilinganiselo yempilo yezilwanyana yokuzisa (ukungenisa) inja evela kwisizwe sasemzini ukuya eMelika.
Sithini isimo se-CDC kumkhuhlane we-canine?
Izithintelo zangoku ze-CDC kwiintsholongwane zomkhuhlane zisebenza kuphela kwiintsholongwane ezinokubakho ubhubhane ebantwini. Nangona kunjalo, i-CDC ithatha inani lamanyathelo okhuseleko kwimeko engalindelekanga yokuba umkhuhlane we-canine ube sisongelo kubantu okanye kwezinye izilwanyana.
Okokuqala, i-CDC iyaqhubeka nokwenza uphononongo lonyaka wonke kwiintsholongwane ze-influenza A, kunye nayo yonke into entsha yomkhuhlane.
Usulelo ebantwini luphononongwa ngokucokisekileyo. Usulelo lwabantu kunye nomkhuhlane owodwa wemvelaphi yezilwanyana.
Intsholongwane iyaxelwa kwi-CDC; ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, akukho usulelo lomntu kunye neentsholongwane zomkhuhlane we-canine ezirekhodiweyo.
Okwesibini, uCI-DC kunye ne-USDA APHIS VS baye baseka imigangatho yentsebenziswano kwimeko yokuqhambuka kwentsholongwane entsha yomkhuhlane A.
Kwimeko yokuqhambuka komkhuhlane we-canine kunye nezifo ezikrokrelekayo zabantu,
ezi nkqubo zinye ziya kuphunyezwa.
Isebenzisa iSixhobo soVavanyo loMngcipheko woMkhuhlane, i-CDC yavavanya amandla obhubhane wentsholongwane ye-canine H3N2 kwaye yawumisela njengomngcipheko ophantsi.
Ziziphi iimpawu ze-canine influenza?
Iimpawu zesi sifo ezinjeni ziquka ukukhohlela, impumlo evuzayo, umkhuhlane, ukutyhafa, ukukhutshwa kwamehlo, kunye nokuncipha kokutya, nangona ingezizo zonke izinja ezinokubonisa ezi mpawu.
Ubuzaza besigulo esinxulunyaniswa ne-canine influenza ezinjeni bunokusuka ekubeni kungabikho zimpawu ukuya kwinyumoniya eqatha kunye nokufa.
Uninzi lwee-canines luyachacha kwiiveki ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye izinja zinokuhlakulela usulelo lwesibini lwebhaktheriya, olunokubangela ukugula okunzulu kunye nenyumoniya.
Qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho wezilwanyana ukuba unenkxalabo malunga nempilo yesilwanyana sakho sasekhaya okanye ukuba isilwanyana sakho sibonisa iimpawu ze-canine influenza.
Yintoni ubuzaza bomkhuhlane we-canine?
Izinga lokufa kwezinja ezichatshazelwe sesi sifo lisezantsi kakhulu.
Ezinye izinja zinosulelo oluthe cwaka (akukho zimpawu zokugula), kanti ezinye zinosulelo oluqatha olukhatshwa sisigulo esiqatha. Ukuqala kwe-pneumonia kubonisa isifo esibi.
Isasazeka njani intsholongwane yomkhuhlane wenja?
Phantse zonke izinja zichaphazeleka kwi-canine influenza, kwaye intsholongwane ikhetha ukusasazeka malunga neendlwana kunye neendawo zokuhlala zezilwanyana.
Kukholelwa ukuba i-canine influenza isasazeka kakhulu imiphunga yokuphefumla iveliswe ngokukhohlela kunye nokuthimla izinja ezigulayo okanye ngokudibana neendawo ezingcolisekileyo.
Ke ngoko, abanini bezinja abafuywayo babonisa ukukhohlela okanye ezinye izikhombisi zesifo sokuphefumla akufuneki baveze izilwanyana zabo kwezinye izinja okanye iikati.
Impahla, izixhobo, umphezulu, kunye nezandla kufuneka zihlanjwe kwaye zibulawe iintsholongwane emva kokuba sesichengeni sezinja ezibonisa iimpawu zokuphefumla.
Lukhona uvavanyo lokuxilonga lomkhuhlane wecanine?
Uvavanyo olukhoyo lubonisa I-H3N8 kunye ne-H2 intsholongwane yomkhuhlane we-canine usulelo ezinjeni. Ugqirha wakho wezilwanyana unokugqiba ukuba uvavanyo luyimfuneko.
Unyangwa njani umkhuhlane wecanine ezinjeni?
Unyango oluxhasayo lunceda ukugcina inja imanzi kwaye ikhululekile ngelixa umzimba wayo uvelisa impendulo ye-immunological kusulelo ukunceda ekubuyiseleni kwayo.
Kwinguqulelo ebuthathaka yesi sifo, ukhathalelo olusisiseko lunokubandakanya ukunika amayeza ukwenza inja yakho ikhululeke ngakumbi kunye nolwelo ukugcina inja yakho imanzi. Ugqirha wakho wezilwanyana unokukuyalela amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane abanzi ukuba ngaba usulelo olulandelayo lwebhaktiriya luyakrokrelwa.
Ugonyo oluchasene nomkhuhlane we-canine?
E-United States, zombini ugonyo lomkhuhlane we-H3N8 kunye ne-H3N2 luyafumaneka. Ugqirha wakho wezilwanyana angakunika ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nezi zitofu kunye nokuba kufuneka ugonye okanye hayi inja yakho.
Imibuzo ebuzwa ngabantu
Ngaba isitofu sokugonya somkhuhlane we-canine siyimfuneko?
Ugonyo lunciphisa amathuba okuba inja iphuhlise umkhuhlane we canine.
Ugonyo alunakukuthintela ngokupheleleyo usulelo, kodwa lunokwehlisa ubuqatha kunye nobude besi sifo. Isitofu sokugonya somkhuhlane we-canine asicetyiswa kuzo zonke izinja kuba sisitofu “sokuphila”.
Ndingafumanisa njani ukuba inja yam inomkhuhlane we-canine?
Ifom ethambileyo - Izinja ezinomkhuhlane we-canine zifumana ukukhwehlela okomileyo okuhlala phakathi kwe-10 kunye neentsuku ze-30. Basenokubonisa ukutyhafa, ukuncipha kokutya, kunye nomkhuhlane. Kwakhona kunokwenzeka ukuthimla kunye nokuphuma kwamanzi emehlweni kunye/okanye impumlo.
Ukhohlokhohlo lwe-kennel kunye ne-canine influenza zahluke njani?
I-Dog Flu, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-canine influenza virus, yimeko yentsholongwane enzima kakhulu ukuyinyanga kunokhohlokhohlo lwe-kennel, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-canine cough.
Ukhohlokhohlo lweKennel sisifo sebhaktiriya esisabelayo ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. I-Dog Flu, kwelinye icala, lusulelo olunganyangekiyo.
Ingaba isitofu somkhuhlane wenja sisebenza ixesha elingakanani?
Ugonyo olululo kunye neentlobo zombini zesitofu sokugonya iCanine Influenza Virus (CIV) lufuna imijikelo emibini yeembumbulu ezinikezelwa kwiiveki ezimbini ukuya kwezine ngokwahlukeneyo, zilandelwa yi-booster yonyaka.
Ngaba abantu bosulelwa ngumkhuhlane wezinja?
Zombini ezi ndidi ziyosulela kakhulu kwaye zisasazeka ngokulula phakathi kwezinja. Uhlobo lwe-H3N2 lunokudluliselwa phakathi kweekati. Nangona kunjalo, akukho xinzelelo aludluli ebantwini okanye kubantu. Inja yakho ayikwazi ukufumana umkhuhlane kuwe.
Ngaba ngokwenene izinja zifuna ugonyo oluninzi kangaka?
Izilwanyana zasekhaya kufuneka zifumane ugonyo olungundoqo, olubalulekileyo ngokwezonyango kuzo zonke izilwanyana, kwaye zinokufuna ugonyo olongezelelweyo olusekelwe kwindlela yokuphila.
Kukho iingozi ezinxulumene nawo onke amayeza, kodwa iingenelo zokugonya izilwanyana zasekhaya ziyodlula ingozi. Ugonyo lukhusela izilwanyana zasekhaya kwizifo ezibeka ubomi babo esichengeni kunye nezifo ezibuthathaka ezifana nomgada kunye ne-distemper.
Yintoni etshabalalisa intsholongwane yomkhuhlane we-canine?
Izibulali-ntsholongwane eziqhelekileyo ezibonwa kwizibhedlele zezilwanyana zisebenza kakhulu ngokuchasene nomkhuhlane we-canine (umzekelo, iikhompawundi ze-quaternary ammonium, izisombululo zeblitshi kwi-1 ukuya kwi-30 dilution, okanye i-potassium peroxymonosulfate).
Umkhuhlane weCanine kunye neBordetella: ziyafana?
Zombini ezi meko zizifo ezosulelayo kakhulu ze-canine zokuphefumla. UKennel ukhohlela ligama elichaza izifo ezininzi zentsholongwane okanye ibhaktiriya.
Eli gama lesambrela libandakanya iintsholongwane ezinjenge I-Bordatella, iParainfluenza, kunye ne-Adenovirus-2. Ngeli xesha, iintlobo ezimbini zentsholongwane ezahlukeneyo zidala iNtsholongwane yoMkhuhlane.
Ngaba umkhuhlane we-canine ufuna ukuvalelwa?
Ngenxa yokuba i-H3N2 inokukhutshwa ukuya kwiiveki ezine, i-AVMA icebisa ukuba ihlukanise izinja ezigulayo kunye noqhagamshelwano ukuya kwiiveki ezine (AVMA 2018).
Ngaba ikhontrakthi yenja egonyelwe ngokupheleleyo iParvo?
Injana inokukhula ingahambi kakuhle ukuba ibonakaliswe kwi-canine parvovirus ngeli xesha lokukhusela.
Enye inkxalabo kukuba ukhuseleko olunikezelwa lubisi lwebele lunokuthintela impendulo yesitofu esifanelekileyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba kwanabantwana abagonyiweyo ngamanye amaxesha banokuchaphazeleka kwintsholongwane ye-parvovirus kunye nokugula.
Inja yam iyakhohlela. Ndimele ndenze ntoni?
Qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho wezilwanyana ukuze aqinisekise ukuba idinga liyimfuneko ukuze ahlole inja yakho kwaye acebise isicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo.
Ndingalufumana phi ulwazi olongezelelweyo malunga neentsholongwane zomkhuhlane we-canine?
Ezi khonkco zilandelayo zibonelela ngolwazi olongezelelweyo malunga nomkhuhlane we-canine kwizinja zezilwanyana.
- I-Influenza A Virus (H3N8) kwiZinja ezineSifo sokuphefumla, eFlorida (Izifo ezosulelayo ezisakhulayo)
- Iwebhusayithi yeAVMAi icon yangaphandle
- Epreli 2015 Chicago H3N2 canine influenza ukuqhambuka.
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