Last Updated on August 20, 2024 by Dogs Vets
China has a rich cultural history, and dogs have played an integral role in that story for thousands of years. Chinese dog breeds, known for their unique characteristics and fascinating backgrounds, have been companions, protectors, and even symbols of royalty. Here are the top 9 Chinese dog breeds that showcase the diversity and depth of China’s canine heritage.
1. Pug: The Ancient Companion of Tibetan Monks
The Pug is one of the oldest and most beloved dog breeds in the world. Originating in China around 400 B.C., these small, friendly dogs were companions to Tibetan Buddhist monks. Pugs are known for their sweet nature, making them popular family pets. Their playful and affectionate demeanor, combined with their manageable size, makes them an excellent choice for many households.
Breed Overview:
- Group: Toy
- Height: 10 to 13 inches
- Weight: 14 to 18 pounds
- Personality: Sweet, playful, affectionate
- Life Span: 13 to 15 years.
2. Pekingese: The Lion Dog of Chinese Royalty
Pekingese dogs, also known as “Pekes,” have a history intertwined with Chinese royalty. Legend has it that these dogs were created when Buddha shrunk a lion down to the size of a small dog. Pekingese were cherished by Chinese emperors and were often found by their side. Known for their intelligence and stubborn nature, these small dogs make for loyal companions.
Breed Overview:
- Group: Toy
- Height: 6 to 9 inches
- Weight: Up to 14 pounds
- Personality: Good-natured, intelligent, stubborn
- Life Span: 12 to 14 years.
3. Shih Tzu: The Noble Dog of China
The Shih Tzu, often referred to as the “Lion Dog,” was a favorite among Chinese nobility. These small, playful dogs are known for their long, flowing coats and lion-like appearance. Their name even means “lion” in Chinese. Shih Tzus are intelligent and alert, making them excellent companions for families. Their hypoallergenic coats also make them a great choice for those with allergies.
Breed Overview:
- Group: Toy
- Height: 8 to 11 inches
- Weight: 9 to 16 pounds
- Personality: Intelligent, alert, playful
- Life Span: 10 to 16 years
4. Shar-Pei: The Wrinkled Guardian of Ancient China
Shar-Peis are easily recognized by their wrinkled faces and blue-black tongues. Originating in southern China over 2,000 years ago, these dogs were initially used for hunting and guarding. Despite facing near extinction during China’s communist revolution, the breed was revived in the 1970s. Today, Shar-Peis are known for their loyalty and devotion to their families.
Breed Overview:
- Group: Non-sporting
- Height: 18 to 20 inches
- Weight: 45 to 60 pounds
- Personality: Reserved, devoted, affectionate
- Life Span: 8 to 12 years
5. Chow Chow: The Ancient Hunting and Guard Dog
Chow Chows are one of the most ancient Chinese dog breeds, with evidence of their existence dating back to 206 B.C. Originally employed as hunting and guard dogs, Chow Chows are known for their bear-like faces, deep facial folds, and blue-black tongues. While they are intelligent and protective, Chow Chows tend to bond closely with one person, making them excellent watchdogs but less social.
Breed Overview:
- Group: Non-sporting
- Height: 17 to 20 inches
- Weight: 40 to 70 pounds
- Personality: Independent, calm, aloof
- Life Span: 10 to 12 years
6. Chinese Crested: The Unique Hairless Dog
The Chinese Crested is a breed with mysterious origins. Some believe that hairless dogs from Africa were brought to China and bred with smaller toy-sized dogs, resulting in the Chinese Crested. Known for their hairless bodies and soft, silky hair on their heads, feet, and tails, these dogs are friendly, playful, and easy to train.
Breed Overview:
- Group: Toy
- Height: 11 to 13 inches
- Weight: 8 to 12 pounds
- Personality: Playful, social, cheerful
- Life Span: 13 to 18 years
7. Xiasi: The Lean Hunting Dog
The Xiasi, pronounced “she-ah-seh,” is a lean, muscular dog from the Guizhou region of China. This breed, which originated around 1080, is primarily used for hunting and guarding. In Guizhou, the Xiasi is believed to bring wealth to its owners. These dogs are known for their devotion and affection, making them excellent family pets, especially in homes with other dogs and children.
Breed Overview:
- Group: Not recognized by the AKC
- Height: 17 to 20 inches
- Weight: 45 to 65 pounds
- Personality: Gentle, devoted, affectionate
- Life Span: 12 to 14 years
8. Kunming Wolfdog: The Chinese German Shepherd
The Kunming Wolfdog is a wolf-dog hybrid that emerged in China in the 1950s. Often referred to as the Chinese German Shepherd, this breed is known for its loyalty, intelligence, and protective nature. Kunming Wolfdogs are commonly used as military assistance dogs, search-and-rescue dogs, and fire dogs in China. They also make excellent family pets.
Breed Overview:
- Group: Not recognized by the AKC
- Height: 25 to 27 inches
- Weight: 65 to 85 pounds
- Personality: Loyal, intelligent, protective
- Life Span: 12 to 14 years
9. Japanese Chin: The Cat-Like Companion
Although its name suggests otherwise, the Japanese Chin is believed to have originated in China. Closely related to Tibetan Spaniels, these dogs were likely gifts from the Chinese emperor to Japanese royalty. Known for their calm and affectionate behavior, Japanese Chins are often described as cat-like due to their independent nature. Despite their small size, they make loyal and loving companions.
Breed Overview:
- Group: Toy
- Height: 8 to 11 inches
- Weight: 7 to 11 pounds
- Personality: Independent, loyal, loving
- Life Span: 10 to 14 years
Conclusion
Chinese dog breeds have a rich history that reflects the culture and values of the country. From the noble Pekingese to the protective Shar-Pei, these breeds offer unique characteristics and fascinating stories. Whether you’re looking for a loyal companion or a protective guardian, there’s a Chinese dog breed that can meet your needs.
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