Last Updated on November 6, 2023 by Dogs Vets
What are the list of Most Common Diseases in Dogs? Symptoms + Treatment
Dogs are our best friends, and we want to do everything we can to keep them healthy and happy. One way to do this is to be aware of the most common diseases that affect dogs, so that we can take steps to prevent them and treat them early if necessary.
According to a study published in the Journal of Small Animal Practice, the most common disease in dogs is dental disease. This is a broad term that encompasses a variety of conditions, including gingivitis, tartar buildup, and periodontal disease. Dental disease can cause a number of problems for dogs, including pain, difficulty eating, and infection.
Other common diseases in dogs include:
- Ear infections
- Skin infections
- Allergies
- Obesity
- Arthritis
- Cancer
- Heart disease
- Kidney disease
- Diabetes
- Parvovirus
- Rabies
In this article, we will discuss dental disease in dogs in more detail, including its symptoms, causes, and treatment. We will also provide information on the other common diseases listed above.
Dental Disease in Dogs
Dental disease is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects the gums and teeth of dogs. It is caused by a buildup of plaque and tartar, which can lead to gingivitis, periodontal disease, and tooth loss.
Symptoms of dental disease in dogs
The following are some of the most common symptoms of dental disease in dogs:
- Bad breath
- Yellow or brown teeth
- Red, swollen, or bleeding gums
- Difficulty chewing or eating
- Drooling
- Pawing at the mouth
- Loose teeth
Causes of dental disease in dogs
The primary cause of dental disease in dogs is a buildup of plaque and tartar. Plaque is a sticky film that forms on the teeth after eating. It is made up of bacteria, food particles, and saliva. If plaque is not removed regularly, it can harden into tartar. Tartar is a hard, yellow or brown substance that can build up on the teeth and gum line.
Other factors that can contribute to dental disease in dogs include:
- Diet: A diet that is high in carbohydrates and low in fiber can increase the risk of dental disease.
- Genetics: Some breeds of dogs are more prone to dental disease than others.
- Age: Dental disease is more common in older dogs.
Treatment of dental disease in dogs
The best way to prevent dental disease in dogs is to brush their teeth regularly. You should also take your dog to the veterinarian for professional dental cleanings at least once a year.
If your dog has dental disease, your veterinarian may recommend the following treatments:
- Scaling and polishing: This procedure removes plaque and tartar from the teeth and gum line.
- Extractions: If your dog has teeth that are severely damaged or infected, they may need to be extracted.
- Antibiotics: Antibiotics may be prescribed to treat infections associated with dental disease.
Other Common Diseases in Dogs
Ear infections
Ear infections are another common problem in dogs. They can be caused by a number of factors, including bacteria, yeast, and parasites. Ear infections can be painful and uncomfortable for dogs, and they can also lead to hearing loss.
Symptoms of ear infections in dogs
The following are some of the most common symptoms of ear infections in dogs:
- Head shaking
- Pawing at the ears
- Redness, swelling, or discharge from the ears
- Foul odor from the ears
Causes of ear infections in dogs
Ear infections can be caused by a number of factors, including:
- Allergies
- Mites
- Bacteria
- Yeast
- Foreign objects in the ear canal
- Water getting trapped in the ear canal
Treatment of ear infections in dogs
Treatment for ear infections will vary depending on the underlying cause. Your veterinarian may prescribe ear drops, antibiotics, or antifungal medications. They may also need to flush your dog’s ears to remove any debris or foreign objects.
Skin infections
Skin infections are another common problem in dogs. They can be caused by a number of factors, including bacteria, yeast, parasites, and allergies. Skin infections can be uncomfortable for dogs and they can also lead to hair loss and other complications.
Symptoms of skin infections in dogs
The following are some of the most common symptoms of skin infections in dogs:
- Itching
- Scratching
- Redness
- Swelling
- Bumps or scabs
- Hair loss
- Foul odor from the skin
Causes of skin infections in dogs
Skin infections in dogs can be caused by a number of factors, including:
- Allergies
- Parasites
- Bacteria
- Yeast
- Hormonal imbalances
- Autoimmune disorders
Treatment of skin infections in dogs
Treatment for skin infections in dogs will vary depending on the underlying cause, but antibiotics and antifungal medications are the two most common types of treatment.
Antibiotics are used to treat bacterial skin infections, which are the most common type of skin infection in dogs. Some common antibiotics used to treat skin infections in dogs include cephalexin, erythromycin, and clindamycin.
Antifungal medications are used to treat fungal skin infections, such as ringworm. Some common antifungal medications used to treat skin infections in dogs include miconazole, ketoconazole, and fluconazole.
In addition to antibiotics and antifungal medications, your veterinarian may also prescribe other treatments for skin infections in dogs, such as:
- Antiparasitic medications: If your dog’s skin infection is caused by parasites, such as mites or fleas, your veterinarian will prescribe antiparasitic medications to kill the parasites.
- Medicated shampoos or conditioners: Medicated shampoos and conditioners can help to remove bacteria, yeast,and other debris from the skin.
- Ointments or creams: Ointments and creams can be used to apply medication directly to the affected area of the skin.
- Dietary changes: Your veterinarian may recommend dietary changes to help improve your dog’s skin health and reduce the risk of skin infections.
It is important to follow your veterinarian’s instructions carefully when treating your dog’s skin infection. This will help to ensure that the infection is cleared up completely and that it does not recur.
Here are some additional tips for treating skin infections in dogs:
- Clip the hair around the affected area: This will help the medication to penetrate the skin more effectively and also make it easier to keep the area clean and dry.
- Clean the affected area regularly: Use a mild soap and water to clean the affected area twice a day.
- Apply the medication as directed by your veterinarian: Be sure to apply the medication to the entire affected area,even if it appears to be clear.
- Prevent your dog from licking the affected area: You may need to use a cone collar to prevent your dog from licking the affected area.
If you have any questions or concerns about treating your dog’s skin infection, be sure to talk to your veterinarian.
Other Common Diseases in Dogs
Allergies
Allergies are a common problem in dogs, just like they are in humans. Allergies can be caused by a variety of things, including food, pollen, dust mites, and fleas. Symptoms of allergies in dogs can include itching, scratching, sneezing, and runny eyes.
Treatment for allergies in dogs
Treatment for allergies in dogs will vary depending on the type of allergy and the severity of the symptoms. Your veterinarian may recommend the following treatments:
- Avoidance: The best way to treat allergies is to avoid the allergen, if possible.
- Antihistamines: Antihistamines can be used to relieve the symptoms of allergies.
- Immunotherapy: Immunotherapy is a long-term treatment that involves gradually exposing your dog to the allergen in order to build up their tolerance.
Obesity
Obesity is a growing problem in dogs. It is estimated that over half of all dogs in the United States are overweight or obese. Obesity can lead to a number of health problems in dogs, including arthritis, diabetes, heart disease, and cancer.
Causes of obesity in dogs
The primary cause of obesity in dogs is overeating and underexercising. Other factors that can contribute to obesity in dogs include:
- Age: Obesity is more common in older dogs.
- Sex: Male dogs are more likely to be obese than female dogs.
- Breed: Some breeds of dogs are more prone to obesity than others.
Treatment for obesity in dogs
Treatment for obesity in dogs is focused on weight loss. Your veterinarian can help you develop a weight loss plan for your dog that includes a healthy diet and exercise routine.
Arthritis
Arthritis is a common problem in older dogs. It is caused by inflammation of the joints. Arthritis can be painful and can limit your dog’s mobility.
Symptoms of arthritis in dogs
The following are some of the most common symptoms of arthritis in dogs:
- Stiffness
- Lameness
- Difficulty getting up or lying down
- Reluctance to exercise
Treatment for arthritis in dogs
Treatment for arthritis in dogs is focused on managing the pain and inflammation. Your veterinarian may prescribe pain medications, anti-inflammatory medications, or joint supplements. They may also recommend physical therapy or other treatments to help your dog maintain their mobility.
Cancer
Cancer is another common disease in dogs. It can affect any part of the body. There are many different types of cancer in dogs, and each type has its own prognosis.
Symptoms of cancer in dogs
The symptoms of cancer in dogs can vary depending on the type and location of the cancer. Some common symptoms include:
- Lumps or bumps
- Weight loss
- Loss of appetite
- Lethargy
- Difficulty breathing
- Diarrhea or vomiting
Treatment for cancer in dogs
Treatment for cancer in dogs will vary depending on the type of cancer, the stage of the cancer, and your dog’s overall health. Treatment options may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or a combination of therapies.
Heart disease
Heart disease is a common problem in older dogs. It can be caused by a number of factors, including genetics, diet, and lifestyle. Heart disease can lead to a number of health problems in dogs, including congestive heart failure and sudden death.
Symptoms of heart disease in dogs
The following are some of the most common symptoms of heart disease in dogs:
- Cough
- Difficulty breathing
- Lethargy
- Exercise intolerance
- Swollen abdomen.
Treatment for heart disease in dogs
Treatment for heart disease in dogs is focused on managing the symptoms and slowing the progression of the disease. Your veterinarian may prescribe medications to help your dog’s heart work more efficiently. They may also recommend dietary changes and lifestyle changes to help your dog stay healthy and manage their heart disease.
Kidney disease
Kidney disease is another common problem in dogs. It can be caused by a number of factors, including genetics, infections, and toxins. Kidney disease can lead to a number of health problems in dogs, including kidney failure and death.
Symptoms of kidney disease in dogs
The following are some of the most common symptoms of kidney disease in dogs:
- Increased thirst
- Increased urination
- Weight loss
- Loss of appetite
- Lethargy
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea.
Treatment for kidney disease in dogs
Treatment for kidney disease in dogs depends on the stage of the disease and the individual dog’s needs. However, the most common treatments include:
- Diet: A diet specifically formulated for dogs with kidney disease is essential. This type of diet is typically low in protein, phosphorus, and sodium, and high in omega-3 fatty acids. These changes can help to reduce the workload on the kidneys and slow the progression of the disease.
- Medication: Your veterinarian may prescribe medications to help your dog’s kidneys function more efficiently,control blood pressure, and manage other symptoms of kidney disease. Some common medications used to treat kidney disease in dogs include:
- Fluid therapy: If your dog is dehydrated or has kidney failure, your veterinarian may recommend fluid therapy. This can be administered intravenously (through an IV) or subcutaneously (under the skin). Fluids help to flush out toxins from the body and support kidney function.
- Other treatments: In some cases, other treatments may be necessary to manage kidney disease in dogs. For example, if your dog has a urinary tract infection, your veterinarian will prescribe antibiotics. If your dog has kidney stones, they may need to be removed surgically.
It is important to follow your veterinarian’s instructions carefully when managing your dog’s kidney disease. With proper treatment, many dogs with kidney disease can live long and healthy lives.
Diabetes
Diabetes is a chronic disease that affects the way the body processes glucose (sugar). There are two main types of diabetes in dogs: type 1 and type 2.
Type 1 diabetes is caused by the destruction of the beta cells in the pancreas, which are responsible for producing insulin. Insulin is a hormone that helps the body’s cells use glucose for energy.
Type 2 diabetes is caused by the body’s resistance to insulin.
Symptoms of diabetes in dogs
The following are some of the most common symptoms of diabetes in dogs:
- Increased thirst
- Increased urination
- Weight loss
- Loss of appetite
- Lethargy
- Cataracts.
Treatment for diabetes in dogs
Treatment for diabetes in dogs is focused on managing the blood sugar levels. This may involve insulin injections, dietary changes, and exercise.
Parvovirus
Parvovirus is a highly contagious viral infection that can be fatal in puppies. It is caused by the canine parvovirus. Parvovirus can be transmitted through contact with infected feces, contaminated objects, or other infected dogs.
Symptoms of parvovirus in dogs
The following are some of the most common symptoms of parvovirus in dogs:
- Lethargy
- Loss of appetite
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Fever.
Treatment for parvovirus in dogs
There is no cure for parvovirus, but treatment can help to relieve the symptoms and improve the chances of survival. Treatment may include supportive care, such as fluids and electrolytes, and antiviral medications.
Rabies
Rabies is a deadly viral infection that can affect all mammals, including dogs. It is caused by the rabies virus. Rabies can be transmitted through bites from infected animals.
Symptoms of rabies in dogs
The following are some of the most common symptoms of rabies in dogs:
- Fever
- Lethargy
- Loss of appetite
- Salivation
- Difficulty swallowing
- Aggression
- Paralysis
Treatment for rabies in dogs
There is no cure for rabies. Once an animal shows symptoms of rabies, it is almost always fatal. Rabies can be prevented by vaccinating your dog.
Prevention of Common Diseases in Dogs
The best way to prevent common diseases in dogs is to keep them up-to-date on their vaccinations. You should also take your dog to the veterinarian for regular checkups.
Other things you can do to help prevent common diseases in dogs include:
- Feeding your dog a healthy diet
- Providing your dog with regular exercise
- Keeping your dog’s environment clean and parasite-free
- Grooming your dog regularly
- Monitoring your dog’s health for any changes or signs of illness.
Treatment Options for Common Diseases in Dogs
The treatment options for common diseases in dogs will vary depending on the specific disease. However, some common treatment options include:
- Medication: Medication is often used to treat a variety of diseases in dogs, including infections, allergies, and pain.
- Surgery: Surgery may be necessary to treat certain diseases, such as cancer or tumors.
- Diet changes: Dietary changes can be helpful in managing some diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, and kidney disease.
- Lifestyle changes: Lifestyle changes, such as exercise and stress management, can also be helpful in managing some diseases.
If you are concerned that your dog may have a common disease, it is important to take them to the veterinarian for diagnosis and treatment.
Conclusion
There are a number of common diseases that can affect dogs. By being aware of these diseases and taking steps to prevent them, you can help your dog stay healthy and live a long, happy life.
FAQs
Q: What is the most common disease in dogs?
A: The most common disease in dogs is dental disease.
Q: What are the other common diseases in dogs?
A: Other common diseases in dogs include ear infections, skin infections, allergies, obesity, arthritis, cancer, heart disease, kidney disease, diabetes, parvovirus, and rabies.
Q: How can I prevent common diseases in my dog?
A: The best way to prevent common diseases in your dog is to keep them up-to-date on their vaccinations. You should also take your dog to the veterinarian for regular checkups and feed them a healthy diet.
Q: What are the symptoms of dental disease in dogs?
A: The symptoms of dental disease in dogs include bad breath, yellow or brown teeth, red, swollen, or bleeding gums, difficulty chewing or eating, drooling, pawing at the mouth, and loose teeth.
Q: What are the symptoms of ear infections in dogs?
A: The symptoms of ear infections in dogs include head shaking, pawing at the ears, redness, swelling, or discharge from the ears, and a foul odor from the ears.
Q: What are the symptoms of skin infections in dogs?
A: The symptoms of skin infections in dogs include itching, scratching, redness, swelling, bumps or scabs, hair loss, and a foul odor from the skin.
Q: What are the symptoms of allergies in dogs?
A: The symptoms of allergies in dogs include itching, scratching, sneezing, and runny eyes.
Q: What are the symptoms of obesity in dogs?
A: The symptoms of obesity in dogs include weight gain, difficulty getting up or lying down, and reluctance to exercises.
Q: What are the symptoms of arthritis in dogs?
A: The symptoms of arthritis in dogs include stiffness, lameness, difficulty getting up or lying down, and reluctance to exercise.
Q: What are the symptoms of cancer in dogs?
A: The symptoms of cancer in dogs can vary depending on the type and location of the cancer. Some common symptoms include lumps or bumps, weight loss, loss of appetite, lethargy, difficulty breathing, diarrhea, or vomiting.
Q: What are the symptoms of heart disease in dogs?
A: The symptoms of heart disease in dogs include cough, difficulty breathing, lethargy, exercise intolerance, and swollen abdomen.
Q: What are the symptoms of kidney disease in dogs?
A: The symptoms of kidney disease in dogs include increased thirst, increased urination, weight loss, loss of appetite, lethargy, vomiting, and diarrhea.
Q: What are the symptoms of diabetes in dogs?
A: The symptoms of diabetes in dogs include increased thirst, increased urination, weight loss, loss of appetite, lethargy, and cataracts.
Q: What are the symptoms of parvovirus in dogs?
A: The symptoms of parvovirus in dogs include lethargy, loss of appetite, vomiting, diarrhea, and fever.
Q: What are the symptoms of rabies in dogs?
A: The symptoms of rabies in dogs include fever, lethargy, loss of appetite, salivation, difficulty swallowing, aggression, and paralysis.
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